Tuesday, January 10, 2017

How long does it take for a lung cancer to cause symptoms?

It's not true. There are many different kinds of lung cancer. Some of them such as small cell lung cancer grow very quickly. Some adenocarcinomas grow very slowly and can show imperceptible changes on CT scan over a decade. Then again, some adenocarcinomas can grow and spread relatively quickly. It's a very broad bell curve.
Many lung cancers grow in locations that don't cause symptoms until they are large or until they have spread. The exceptions are those that when small erode a blood vessel causing bleeding. Having symptoms from lung cancer is generally a very bad sign and indicative of a cancer that is extensive.
That's why there are recommendations for smokers and recent former smokers to undergo lung cancer screening using a CT scan to detect cancers early allow surgery with a high rate of cure.
It is very difficult to tell exactly how long does it take for cancer to become detectable and cause symptoms. To give a perspective, 1 cm3 of cancer mass has almost 1 billion cells. The symptoms from cancer can depend on what structure the mass impinges on. If the mass affect the airway patient can complain of cough and shortness of breath etc.
Rough estimate would be 6-12 months for typical lung cancer but it's an estimate.
In my opinion, I do not think this is something that can be accurately measured. For one thing, it would be an ethical issue to allow a human subject to have an untreated cancer allowed to grow from Stage 1 to Stage 4 (when symptoms usually become detectable quite late) just to measure the timespan. And animal models would not be representative of the human experience as their physiology is not identical. To compound this issue, every patient is different. Every one.

As others have stated, symptoms usually don't show up in early stages and we have no real way of knowing how long a cancer took to grow, and relatively imprecise means of measuring monitored growth or shrinkage with a CT scan. (We can roughly measure dimensions in 2-D images but cannot accurately assess mass.) 

Because lung cancer is often detected by accident, and then treated immediately, it is almost irrelevant to ponder how quickly it grows. In the end,  no matter what flavor of lung cancer a patient has, the answer will be: too quickly.

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